Vehicles left sitting for an extended period, it can suffer from several issues that may compromise its safety, reliability, and performance. Whether it’s a car left in storage, a second vehicle you only use occasionally, or an unused fleet vehicle, neglecting to properly care for it can lead to expensive repairs and potentially dangerous situations when the time comes to get it back on the road. This article will outline the vital checks you should perform on vehicles that have been left sitting for too long, identify the common problems associated with standing vehicles, and provide tips on how to mitigate these issues.
Common Problems Faced by Vehicles Left Sitting
Vehicles are designed to be in motion. When they are not used regularly, certain components begin to deteriorate, and various issues can arise. Here are the most common problems faced by standing vehicles:
1) Battery Drain
A vehicle’s battery slowly loses charge over time, even when the vehicle is not being used. This is especially true if the battery is not disconnected or if the car’s electrical systems (such as alarms or electronic modules) continue to draw power. Left unchecked, the battery can drain completely, rendering the vehicle unable to start.
2) Tire Degradation
Tires lose pressure over time, and when a vehicle sits unused for long periods, flat spots can develop where the tires contact the ground. These flat spots can cause vibrations and poor handling when the vehicle is driven again. Additionally, rubber naturally degrades, meaning cracks and dry rot can form in the tires, making them unsafe to use.
3) Fuel Deterioration
Fuel left sitting in the tank for too long can become stale or contaminated. Gasoline can degrade over time, leading to gum and varnish formation that can clog the fuel system. In diesel vehicles, sitting fuel can attract water condensation, leading to bacterial growth and the formation of sludge. Both gasoline and diesel vehicles may experience reduced performance or even engine damage if old fuel is used.
4) Brake Problems
Brake components are particularly susceptible to damage when a vehicle is left sitting for too long. Rust can form on the brake rotors, especially in humid environments, which can lead to poor braking performance or cause the brakes to seize. Additionally, the brake fluid can absorb moisture from the air, which reduces its effectiveness and could lead to brake failure.
5) Fluids Deterioration and Leaks
Over time, a vehicle’s fluids, including engine oil, coolant, transmission fluid, and power steering fluid, can break down or lose their effectiveness. In addition, seals and gaskets can dry out and shrink, leading to leaks. This can result in insufficient lubrication, overheating, or loss of hydraulic pressure.
6) Corrosion and Rust
Vehicles left exposed to the elements, particularly in humid or coastal areas, are susceptible to rust and corrosion. Moisture can build up in various components, such as the exhaust, undercarriage, and suspension, causing them to weaken or fail. Rust on the body panels can also lead to unsightly damage and structural weakening.
7) Rodent and Insect Infestation
An idle vehicle can become a home for pests like rodents and insects. Mice and rats are known to chew through wiring, insulation, and hoses, causing significant damage. They may also build nests in the engine bay or ventilation systems, which can create fire hazards and lead to unpleasant odors.
8) Suspension Issues
When a vehicle is left sitting for extended periods, the suspension system can suffer. Shocks and struts may lose their effectiveness, and rubber bushings can dry out and crack. The weight of the vehicle pressing on stationary suspension components can also cause them to weaken or deform.
9) Paint and Interior Damage
If a vehicle is stored outside and exposed to the sun, its paint may fade or peel over time. UV rays can also degrade the rubber seals around windows and doors, and the interior materials, such as dashboard plastics, upholstery, and carpets, can become brittle or discolored.
Vital Checks to Perform Before Starting a Sitting Vehicle
To avoid or mitigate the problems listed above, it’s crucial to perform a thorough inspection and take care of several key areas before attempting to start a vehicle that has been sitting for a long time.
1) Battery Check
Before attempting to start the vehicle, inspect the battery for any corrosion or damage. If possible, test its voltage with a multimeter. If the battery is weak or completely dead, recharge it or consider replacing it with a new one. Some batteries may be beyond saving if left idle for too long.
2) Tire Inspection
Check the tires for flat spots, cracks, and dry rot. Ensure that the tire pressure is within the manufacturer’s recommended range. If the tires have developed flat spots that don’t go away after driving, or if they show signs of significant wear, it’s advisable to replace them.
3) Fuel System Check
If the fuel has been sitting for more than three months, drain the tank and replace it with fresh fuel. In some cases, adding a fuel stabilizer can prevent deterioration, but this should be done before storing the vehicle. If the fuel system is clogged or contaminated, it may need to be cleaned by a professional.
4) Brake Inspection
Check the brake pads, rotors, and calipers for rust and corrosion. If the brake pedal feels spongy or unresponsive, it may be necessary to bleed the brake lines to remove any air or moisture that has entered the system. Additionally, check the brake fluid level and top it off if necessary.
5) Fluid Levels and Condition
Inspect all the vehicle’s fluids, including engine oil, coolant, transmission fluid, and power steering fluid. If any of these fluids appear contaminated, sludgy, or excessively dirty, they should be replaced. Also, check for leaks around the engine, transmission, and undercarriage.
6) Visual Inspection for Corrosion
Perform a thorough inspection of the vehicle’s exterior and undercarriage for signs of rust or corrosion. Pay special attention to the exhaust system, suspension components, and any areas where water may have pooled. Surface rust can often be treated, but severe corrosion may require professional repairs.
7) Check for Pests
Open the hood and check for signs of rodent or insect infestation, such as chewed wires, nests, or droppings. Remove any debris and inspect wiring and hoses for damage. If there’s a significant infestation, a professional mechanic or pest control expert may need to be consulted.
8) Suspension and Steering
Inspect the suspension components for signs of wear or damage, such as leaking shocks or cracked bushings. Ensure that the vehicle sits level and that the steering feels responsive. If the suspension feels loose or unsteady, it may be necessary to have it checked by a professional.
9) Paint and Interior Care
Inspect the vehicle’s paint for fading, peeling, or damage from exposure. If the paint is in good condition but dull, it may just need a thorough wash and wax. The interior should be checked for sun damage, cracked materials, or odors from pests or mold.
How to Prevent Future Issues with Sitting Vehicles
To prevent these problems in the future, consider the following tips:
- Start the vehicle periodically: Running the engine every few weeks can help keep the battery charged, fluids circulating, and the fuel system fresh.
- Store the vehicle properly: If the vehicle will be idle for a long time, store it in a dry, covered area, and consider using a car cover to protect the exterior.
- Use fuel stabilizer: Add fuel stabilizer to prevent fuel from degrading during extended storage.
- Disconnect the battery: If you won’t be driving the vehicle for a while, disconnect the battery to prevent it from draining.
- Maintain tire pressure: Inflate the tires to the correct pressure before storage, and move the vehicle periodically to avoid flat spots.
Conclusion:
Vehicles left sitting for too long can be problematic and by addressing the potential problems and performing these vital checks, you can ensure that your vehicle is ready to return to the road safely and efficiently after an extended period of inactivity.
